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Properties of Operations

3rd Grade

Alabama Course of Study Standards: 5

Develop and apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide.

Arkansas Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.5

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide

For example: If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known (Commutative property of multiplication). 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30 (Associative property of multiplication). Knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56 (Distributive property).

Note: Students are not required to use formal terms for these properties.

Arizona - K-12 Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.5

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide. Properties include commutative and associative properties of multiplication and the distributive property. (Students do not need to use the formal terms for these properties.)

Common Core State Standards: Math.3.OA.5 or 3.OA.B.5

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide. Examples: If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known. (Commutative property of multiplication.) 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30. (Associative property of multiplication.) Knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56. (Distributive property.)

Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE): 3.PAR.3.4

Use the meaning of the equal sign to determine whether expressions involving addition, subtraction, and multiplication are equivalent.

Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks: 3.OA.B.5

Apply properties of operations to multiply.14 For example: When multiplying numbers order does not matter. If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known (Commutative property of multiplication); The product 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15 then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10 then 3 × 10 = 30 (Associative property of multiplication); When multiplying two numbers either number can be decomposed and multiplied; one can find 8 x 7 by knowing that 7 = 5 + 2 and that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, resulting in 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56 (Distributive property); When a number is multiplied by 1 the result is the same number (Identity property of 1 for multiplication).

New York State Next Generation Learning Standards: 3.OA.5

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide.
Note: Students need not use formal terms for these properties.
e.g.,
  • If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known.
    (Commutative property of multiplication)
  • 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30.
    (Associative property of multiplication)
  • Knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56.
    (Distributive property)
Note:A variety of representations can be used when applying the properties of operations, which may or may not include parentheses. The area model (NY-3.MD.7c) is a multiplication/division strategy that applies the distributive property (NY-3.OA.5)

Ohio's Learning Standards: 3.OA.5

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide. For example, if 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known (Commutative Property of Multiplication); 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30 (Associative Property of Multiplication); knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56 (Distributive Property). Students need not use formal terms for these properties.

Tennessee Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.5

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide. (Students need not use formal terms for these properties.) Examples: If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known (Commutative property of multiplication). 3 × 5 × 2 can be solved by (3 × 5) × 2 or 3 × (5 × 2) (Associative property of multiplication). One way to find 8 × 7 is by using 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2). By knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, then 8 × 7 = 40 + 16 = 56 (Distributive property of multiplication over addition).

Wisconsin Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.4

Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide. Student use of the formal terms for these properties is not necessary.
Examples: If 6 × 4 = 24 is known, then 4 × 6 = 24 is also known. (commutative property of multiplication.) 3 × 5 × 2 can be found by 3 × 5 = 15, then 15 × 2 = 30, or by 5 × 2 = 10, then 3 × 10 = 30. (associative property of multiplication.) Knowing that 8 × 5 = 40 and 8 × 2 = 16, one can find 8 × 7 as 8 × (5 + 2) = (8 × 5) + (8 × 2) = 40 + 16 = 56. (distributive property.)

Alabama Course of Study Standards: 6

Use the relationship between multiplication and division to represent division as an equation with an unknown factor.

Arkansas Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.6

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem

For example: Find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

Arizona - K-12 Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.6

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem (e.g., find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8).

Common Core State Standards: Math.3.OA.6 or 3.OA.B.6

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem. For example, find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Standards: 3.OA.6

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem, where a remainder does not exist. For example, find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

North Carolina - Standard Course of Study: 3.OA.6

Solve an unknown-factor problem, by using division strategies and/or changing it to a multiplication problem.

New York State Next Generation Learning Standards: 3.OA.6

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem.
e.g., Find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

Tennessee Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.6

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem. For example, find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

Wisconsin Academic Standards: 3.OA.B.5

Understand division as an unknown-factor problem.
For example, find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8.

Pennsylvania Core Standards: CC.2.2.3.A.2

Understand properties of multiplication and the relationship between multiplication and division.

Pennsylvania Core Standards: M03.B-O.2.1.1

Apply the commutative property of multiplication (not identification or definition of the property).

Pennsylvania Core Standards: M03.B-O.2.1.2

Apply the associative property of multiplication (not identification or definition of the property).

Pennsylvania Core Standards: M03.B-O.2.2.1

Interpret and/or model division as a multiplication equation with an unknown factor.

Florida - Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking: MA.3.AR.1.1

Apply the distributive property to multiply a one-digit number and two-digit number. Apply properties of multiplication to find a product of one-digit whole numbers.

Florida - Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking: MA.3.AR.2.3

Determine the unknown whole number in a multiplication or division equation, relating three whole numbers, with the unknown in any position.

Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE): 3.PAR.3.3

Apply properties of operations (i.e., commutative property, associative property, distributive property) to multiply and divide within 100.

3rd Grade Math - Properties of Operations Lesson
 




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